Fuuinjutsu
Fuuinjutsu are sealing jutsu that ninja use to seal elements and demons.
Genjutsu
Genjutsu are illusion techniques that usually require hand signs. Genjutsu usually deal with hypnosis and hallucination. By using these techniques they can cause mental pain that the target really feels but no physical damage is done.
Ninjutsu
Ninjutsu are secrecy and skill techniques. They require hand signs.
Taijutsu
Taijutsu are body forms of fighting like martial arts. A ninja can also use bloodline techniques like the Hyuga's combining Byakugan and soft palms to see the opponents chakra and soft palms to hit the chakra points that they want.
Doujutsu
Doujutsu are eye techniques that don't require hand signs like reading ninjutsu, genjutsu, and taijutsu with the sharingan and reading chakra with Byakugan.
Kinjutsu
Kinjutsu are techniques that are used by ninja. They are forbidden techniques.